examples of discussion in lab report

Secondly, they suggest that caffeine may not be an effective means of increasing heart rate in healthy adults, which could have implications for its use in sports medicine. It means that Samsung is more feasible with regard to the ratio between options and price range. Writing Lab Reports: Discussion Keys to the Discussion Purpose: Why do we care? He was removed when he mounted the female or after an arbitrarily chosen time of 270 seconds had elapsed, whichever came first. Discussion:From the analysis of food solutions along with the glucose solutions of known concentrations, the semi-quantitative analysis of sugar levels in different food products was performed. Also, discussion provides opportunities to compare results with research of others. The discussion section of the lab report is where the results are interpreted, especially as they relate to the goals stated in the Introduction. It is important to be realistic here and to come up with proposals that are achievable within the scope of your research. Often, this part is the most important, simply because it lets the researcher take a step back and give a broader look at the experiment. Soc. Firstly, they suggest that caffeine is safe for healthy adults and can be consumed without any concerns about its effects on heart rate. Adult male mating behavior suggested that the change in color from fifth instars to adults might enable males to discriminate between nymphs and adults. Repeated measures ANOVA on males' time to mount female (in seconds). Well, heres a guide to all the core components in a well-written lab report, complete with an example. Highlight any unexpected results or outlying data points. The recognition of maturity is more difficult in hemimetabolous insects where late instars may be similar to adults in size and shape. 4 ml of each solution was added to 4 ml of Benedicts reagent in a test tube and placed in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, then each test tube was observed. . In addition, you should also discuss any limitations of your experiment and what further research needs to be done to answer the question that you were investigating. Academic Press, New York. Question What does it mean can greatly help with research proposal writing and in writing your argument. Purpose: Why do we care?Relative size: 40-45% of totalScope: Narrow to broad: the bottom of the hourglassVerb Tense: Use the past tense to refer to results from your experiment or from other studies (e.g., the results supported my hypothesis that). Copyright 1999 2023 GoDaddy Operating Company, LLC. After your discussion section, your lab report should include a list of the references you used in your experiment and lab report. However, there is a significant price difference between models. Consider the following stages while writing your lab report to better address the topic of how to write discussion in a research paper: In a line or two, state whether the lab data fully support your theory does not support it or supports it with some limitations. The mixture was dissolved with stirring and made up to 100 ml using distilled water before filtration using filter paper and a funnel to remove any impurities. Wellbeing and health applications are nevertheless much more popular than browsing the internet, media and entertainment options. Why is it important? An effective discussion informs readers what can be learned from your experiment and provides context for the results. Cool mixture in ice bath for about 10 min. Benedict, Stanley R (1909). The first thing to note is that you shouldn't discuss outcomes that are presented in results. All reported neck postures attained by live giraffes in the wild can be replicated with the virtual skeleton range of motion without disarticulating the cervical vertebrae. Biology of Largus californicus (Hemiptera: Largidae). If dealing with a contemporary or ongoing problem, such as climate change, discuss possible consequences if the problem is avoided. These bugs do not fly and are easily handled and painted without significantly disrupting their normal behavior. Discuss unresolved questions and future research possibilities. In diurnal Lepidoptera, adult color pattern plays an important role in the initial phase of mating behavior (Graham et al., 1980). We offer our gratitude to First Peoples for their care for, and teachings about, our earth and our relations. Accompanying this report is a Lab Handout that states what the instructors expected as far as the scope of the experiment and the depth and . e.style.display="none" The results section should include the raw data that has been collected in the experiment as well as calculations that are performed. What is the take-home message you want your reader to leave with? It should include: Tip: Not all journals share the same naming conventions. Keep these tips in mind and youre sure to produce a high-quality discussion section that will help to strengthen your argument. Popularity of apps concerning health or wellbeing is certainly an exiting trend that requires further study. All rights reserved. Title: Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Food Products using Benedicts Reagent. After excluding the mount time for the male that failed to mount, the results did not differ qualitatively from the above: no significant differences were found. When thinking about writing a discussion lab report, be sure to edit final version. The discussion laboratory report outline should include the following: Look for any potential sources of experimental error, Make suggestions for future research improvements. The order of presentation of the three treatments was necessarily the same for all males, as the one female in each experiment could only have black paint added after the normal and clear treatments. This design allows for a repeated measures analysis of variance as each male is tested with the same female under three different paint conditions. Use a formal tone of writing throughout the report. Craft a lab report cover page with all your details. What are the implications of your findings? It is important to be specific here and to avoid generalizations. The introduction provides context to the experiment in a couple of paragraphs and relevant diagrams. Indicate what next steps can be taken to further pursue any unresolved questions. Let's check how to compose it correctly. Youve just spent months. In addition, it helps you save time to devote to learning or other activities. 65: 810-821. Finally, the results section requires a scholar to convey the conclusions achieved during his research. Knowing the time that users spend on their smartphones during the day encourages examining applications that are particularly popular among the target group. 5. 6. Titles should be straightforward, informative, and less than ten words (i.e. Which of the following is a good example of a sentence you would find in the Discussion section of a lab report? This will reinforce the main take-away for the reader and set up the rest of the discussion. Trying to compress a lengthy topic into a single paragraph can cause undue stress during the writing process. You should be clear about the limitations of your study and you should avoid making any assumptions about the data. It is important to remember that your data can never prove a hypothesis. Get original papers written according to your instructions. Natl. The three treatments will be referred to as normal, clear, and black for brevity. Use the Chemdraw chemistry drawing program for all structures in your report. a comparison between your results and initial hypothesis. What is the problem? Learning process contains theoretical and practical parts, where the theory comprises lectures, and the practice includes laboratory and independent work based on the material covered within one course. List the major results of your experiment, including data and observations. Adding unnecessary detail can distract from the main findings. No mistakes and data inaccuracies should be included, as it may affect the quality and relevance of the paper. The information must be presented on the upper right-hand side of the page. Entomol. Overstate the importance of your findings. age, weight, etc.). Step-by-step methods are usually provided in high school and undergraduate laboratory practicals, so its just a matter of paraphrasing them. Both results and discussion lab report elements are essential. Add a paragraph about your understanding of scientific concept to explain why final results did or did not support initial hypothesis. Booth, C. L. 1990a. Every experiment has limitations and it is important to acknowledge them in your discussion section. Males were held separately in labeled plastic petri dishes. Black = Black paint on the dorsum to mimic the color of the fifth instar larva. Compare your results to those of other studies. State whether the results prove or disprove your hypothesis. Describe what additional research might resolve contradictions or explain exceptions. function toggleMe(a){ During a course of study in college or university, youll most probably encounter one. Discuss the implications of your findings realistically based on previous literature, highlighting both the strengths and limitations of the research. Introduction: provides the context for understanding the topic. This trend indicates major transformations in consumers behavioural patterns regarding mobile use. B The Discussion should interpret the findings from the study and relate them to other similar studies. What is significant or important about your results? In reported study, majority respondents assigned 3.5 to health and wellbeing applications meaning that they have slightly lost in popularity. If you wonder how to write it for your paper, you should be able to analyze all previous sections of your document. It doesn't matter if you're writing a report for organic chemistry, biology, physics, or another subject. Metabolic resource allocation vs. mating attractiveness: Adaptive pressures on the "alba" polymorphism of Colias butterflies. Our Early Career Researcher community tells us that the conclusion is often considered the most difficult aspect of a manuscript to write. Each section of a lab report has its own purpose. We have sent an email with a confirmation link to your email address. How to Format a Laboratory Report Discussion Section? Survey findings indicated mobile application range that is most popular with the target group, which suggests insights into smartphone model to be preferred. 1. A well-written lab report discussion section contextualizes your findings. However, regardless of whatever publication you're submitting to, the discussion section has the same goal: to summarize what your study's findings signify. Engage your reader answer the questions: What did I do? Why should my reader care?. Method - How you conducted the practical work and how any data processed. You should state the main findings of your study in a few sentences and then explain what they mean. In order to better answer the question of how to make a discussion in lab report, consider the following steps when you write your lab report: Connect with our top writers and receive a lab report sample crafted to your needs. Be selective, not exhaustive, in choosing studies to cite and the amount of detail to include. Sample Lab Report: Experimental Investigation of C/D . Begin with a clear statement of the principal findings. If our content has been helpful to you, please consider supporting our independent science publishing efforts: for just $1 a month. What are the next steps in this field of study? To make your argumentative essay shine, you need to ensure that you provide supportin read more, How to write an essay is indeed a very common question now. To send you invoices, and other billing info, To provide you with information of offers and other benefits, View our blogs today and get a chance to witness our quality standard, An argumentative essay is different from other forms of essays in several ways. a. Results - What was the data, process or product obtained from the practical work. While often neglected, it truly enhances grades. Therefore, you should always be careful when interpreting your findings and avoid overstating the conclusions that can be drawn from them. Discuss implications:How do your results contribute to existing research? f Each Largus californicus male was tested with the same female under three different paint conditions. Discussion Conclusion References Appendices Further Reading 1. d df = degrees of freedom for numerator, denominator. } This solution is for students who dont possess the necessary knowledge or environment for writing lab reports on time. Overall, the experiment was a success, although the accuracy of the results could have been improved with the use of quantitative equipment and methods. We find that their anatomy, at once efficient and elegant, yet also capable of bursts of incredible violence and brute force, lives up to their monikers as the tyrant kings and queens, of the dinosaurs., PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, and is based in San Francisco, California, US, PLOS will use your email address to provide news and updates. Discuss any errors, inconsistencies, assumptions, or other factors that may have influenced the outcome of your study. are reducing sugars, while only select polysaccharides are. An overwhelming majority of Canadians aged between 24 and 29 spend at least one hour a day on their smartphones. Title: expresses the topic of your study Abstract: summarizes your research aims, methods, results, and conclusions Introduction: establishes the context needed to understand the topic Method: describes the materials and procedures used in the experiment 1600 West Bank Drive An effective introduction to a lab report typically performs the following tasks, generally in the order presented: 1. it establishes the learning context for the lab by: a. saying what the lab is about, that is, what scientific concept (theory, principle, procedure, etc. Whatever branch of engineering you are studying, many of your labs and lab based assignments will require a written report. Southwestern Naturalist 35: 15-22. Aldrich, J. R., J. E. Oliver, W. R. Lusby, J. P. Kochansky and J. What problems did you encounter in carrying out an experiment and how could you overcome these in future investigations? Do not discuss any outcomes not presented in the results part. Most scientific laboratory reports have numerous distinct sections. A successful discussion section puts your findings in context. The findings of this study have several important implications. As the null hypothesis (that males' time to mount is not significantly affected by color of the female) was not rejected, males evidently used those other traits in seeking a mate. Although males were never observed to mount nymphs, they do mount other adults, and persist if they have mounted a female or release within a few seconds if they have mounted another male. To formulate a hypothesis or hypotheses about a specific event, behavior, or stimulus. Our lives would be so much easier if we were told what information to include, what to do with all their data and how to use references. Apologize. Also, since comparing colors using eyesight alone is inaccurate, the experiment could be improved with a colorimeter that can accurately determine the exact wavelength of light absorbed by the solution. Did you get the data you were looking for? 3203 Southeast Woodstock Boulevard Is there a particular trend? no changes were made to the female between trials. Rather, it can only support or disprove it. Lab reports can vary in length and format. How do your results compare to similar research? This means discussing the factors that may have influenced your results and explaining why they are important. A thorough examination of discovered trends is required to identify a model to be purchased and promote an appropriate and expedient use of phones. Abstract:Food products (milk, chicken, bread, orange juice) were solubilized and tested for reducing sugars using Benedicts reagent. Terms and Conditions Propose ideas for future research:Did your research generate questions for future research? Review relevant research to provide a rationale for the investigation. The time to mount or 270 seconds (no-mount) was recorded. Then, 4 ml of Benedicts reagent was added to each test tube and placed in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, then each test tube was observed. Students can utilize special academic writing services for lab report writing with other sections, which is more convenient. Support or non-support statement then leads to the next logical issue, an explanation of why hypothesis was or wasnt supported by received data. Once you've discussed the most important findings of your study in the Results section, you will use the Discussion section to interpret those findings and talk about why they are important (some instructors call this the Conclusion section). There are slight shape differences between nymphs and adults (nymphs are more spherical) that could possibly be used by males in mating decisions. Their distinctive courtship behavior allows an observer to identify immediately the initiation of a mating event. It is good practice to have at least one source referenced, either from researching the context behind the experiment, best practices for the method used or similar industry standards. As with all forms of writing, its not the reports length that matters, but the quality of the information conveyed within. Lab Report Template 2. If you can, begin your title using a keyword rather than an article like "The" or "A". Here is a basic structure that you can use when writing a discussion section for a lab report: Lets take a closer look at each of these elements. Behaviour 37: 253-268. Are obtained results the same or different from those expected? Making such a comparison is vital since it demonstrates basic scientific knowledge. The example below does not include a list of materials used. According to the study, health & wellbeing related applications are gaining momentum and are more popular with users than web browsing or media sites. Lab report discussion section often begins with statement as to whether findings in results section support expected findings stated in hypothesis. Next, the Methods section allows you to describe the approaches and methodologies of your experiments. Furthermore, via this section, students can more comprehensively show their understanding of experiment, even more deeply than after performing it. Jacobson, M. 1972. Use the future or conditional to suggest what you will study in the future (e.g., future studies should investigate). Again, this makes sense because, with more salt in the water, the water molecules are held together more tightly, meaning that it takes more energy to produce steam. A strong Discussion section will help highlight the study's strengths and weaknesses. As plant height does not necessarily indicate plant health or fruit yield, other variables would have bolstered the study's findings. As a result, future research may concentrate on other methods of monitoring plant height. Lab report discussion section often begins with statement as to whether findings in results section support expected findings stated in hypothesis. Now the question of how to make discussion in lab report wont be an issue for you. Benedicts reagent was used in this experiment to compare the amount of reducing sugars between four food items: milk, chicken solution, bread and orange juice. Use detailed instances when illustrating limitations. 1987. In one sentence, state the hypothesis. 1986. For example, if you found that a drug did not affect heart rate, you would say that the drug did not have an effect rather than saying that the drug was ineffective. What do your results imply? While these users prefer iPhone 8, Samsung S8 is considered a more appropriate option with regard to specs, features, and price. Without further adieu, here is some information you should know before writing it. What are strengths and limitations of your experimental design? Remember, all references cited in the text must be listed in the references section and vice versa. When you choose to publish with PLOS, your research makes an impact. It can be challenging to emphasize these implications without overstating the data, especially when submitting to a journal that picks manuscripts based on novelty or prospective effect. In Table two, it can be seen that as the concentration of salt increased, so did the temperature at which steam was produced. Each male was introduced one at a time into the box at the point farthest from the female. Discuss the significance or ramifications of your research findings and make recommendations for future research. Also, mention what kinds of experiments still need to be conducted in order to obtain more information. The college's lab report format must include two or three paragraphs to provide the reader with a thorough comprehension of the entire study. If you need a lab report help read our simple guide on how to make a lab report. return true; } Milk had the highest sugar content of 2%, with orange juice at 1.5%, bread at 0.5% and chicken with 0% sugar. Here in this blog, you will find a brief explanation and discussion lab report writing example. For example, if you were investigating the effect of a drug on heart rate, you would state the specific findings of your study, such as the drug's dosage or how long it was administered. Discussion or Conclusion. Video Introductions the Writing Studio, Scaffold: A Showcase of Vanderbilt First-Year Writing, Undergraduate Writing Symposium: Submissions and Self-Nominations, Undergraduate Creative Writing Symposium: Submissions and Self-Nominations, In-Class Workshops and Brief Introductions, Get Support for Writing-Intensive Courses, First-Year Writing Seminar Resources (overview), Schedule a Consultation for Your Own Writing, Undergraduate Writing Symposium: Faculty Nominations, Undergraduate Writing Consultant Nominations, Bring the Writing Studio Into Your Classroom, Add a Writing Studio Blurb to Your Syllabus, Site Development: Digital Strategies (Division of Communications). Title A. Lockwood. Refer to the materials and methods used to identify improvements that would yield better results (more accurate equipment, better experimental technique, etc.). Teachers and lecturers tend to give this section the most weightage when marking the report. Abstracts should be brief (about 100 words) Abstracts should be self-contained and provide a complete picture of what the study is about; Abstracts should be organized just like your experimental reportintroduction, literature review, methods, results and discussion However, several species in the family Largidae, including L. cinctus (a close relative of L. californicus), have minimal development of the metathoracic scent gland evaporative area (Schaefer, 1972), so their use of pheromonal communication may be limited. Finally, the effects of caffeine on heart rate may vary depending on individual factors (e.g. Thats it! The purpose of the discussion section is to provide a brief summary of your results, relate them to your hypotheses, and put them into context within the field of research. Xeno Nucleic Acids: Research into Modified DNA, Strong Inference Can Turn Your Research Into Results. The trend in Table two was also consistent with Boyles law. Physics Lab Report Template Details File Format MS Word Pages Google Docs Size: A4, US Download 3. 2023 EduBirdie.com. The data indicate that avoiding a low level of physical activity substantially reduces the risk of all fractures, particularly hip fracturesthe most devastating of osteoporotic fracturesin men. Any unexpected changes to the experimental setup or techniques can also be documented here. Evolution 40: 605-615. As a help, we are going to tackle the issue of how to write a discussion for a lab report. Highlighting these implications while not overstating the findings can be challenging, especially when youre submitting to a journal that selects articles based on novelty or potential impact. For more detailed descriptions and examples of tables and figures, consult the Publication Manual of the . What is 2023 EduBirdie.com. Each Largus californicus male was tested for time to mount (attempting copulation) with the same female under three different paint conditions. Explain the results gathered. Seven of the ten dogs learned how to "sit" after three training sessions.d. By raising these questions, you can guide the reader through your thought process and help them to understand your conclusions. a Males' copulatory attempts were timed from point of entry into female container. In addition, to isolate the effects of nitrogen levels, all other parameters that could affect plant height were closely controlled, resulting in strong internal validity for this study. Why do you think you found what you did? Bugs were collected from the Reserve on the morning of the testing day. The use of pheromones does not rule out the possibility that visual cues may also be important. Insect sex pheromones. We can provide you with lab reports examples, lab report templates for chemistry, biology lab report, high school lab reports examples, etc. That is why laboratory or independent assignment is more exciting as it combines testing of knowledge and gaining tremendous experience on the topic. In this example, the student discusses the results of an experiment testing the effects of different concentrations of salt on the boiling point of water. The pair was separated before their genitalia joined so no actual mating occurred. Accordant to the respondents, camera, internet browsing and social media were much less favorite features in their mobiles. adults with heart disease, children, etc.). The reports title should be short but descriptive, indicating the qualitative or quantitative nature of the practical along with the primary goal or area of focus.
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