Voluntary health insurance schemes generally represented a small share of healthcare financing in the EU in 2020. U.S. Health Care from a Global Perspective, 2022 | Commonwealth Fund Our Scorecard ranks every state's health care system based on how well it provides high-quality, accessible, and equitable health care. According to the definitions used by the OECD, outsourcing includes both intermediate goods used by governments (such as procurement of information technology services), or the outsourcing of final goods and services financed by governments (such as social transfers in kind via market producers paid for by governments). For example, life expectancy at birth in the U.S. was 78.6 years in 2017 more than two years lower than the OECD average and five years lower than Switzerland, which has the longest lifespan. As we can see, governments in many high-income countries spend substantial resources via outsourcing. Profit from the additional features of your individual account. A big part of the difference between these two measures can be attributed to the fact that one of them accounts only for central government expenditures indeed, most countries lie above a line with slope one, which suggests that local government expenditure is not negligible. SIPRI. In turn, these were followed at some distance by another group Belgium, France and Finland with ratios in the range of 4138 to 4380 per inhabitant. This corresponds to about 20% of the national income of the Netherlands. [1][2], Development of government spending as percentage of GDP of different countries. Published by Statista Research Department , Jun 5, 2023. Social care covers a wide range of services, including professional advice and support, accommodation, various types of assistance in carrying out daily tasks, home visits, home help services, provision of meals, special equipment, house adaptation for disabled persons, as well as assessment and care management services. In the 21st century this figure exceeds 50% in many European countries. In, OECD. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. In Sweden and Norway, private spending made up less than $100 per capita. The term public-private partnerships is often used to denote those private finance initiatives where the public sector retains an important participation. Following on from Luxembourg and Denmark, ratios over 5000 per inhabitant were also observed in Ireland, Sweden, Germany and the Netherlands, while in Austria the ratio was just below this level. Mauro, P., Romeu, R., Binder, A., & Zaman, A. Eurostat, Amenable and Preventable Deaths Statistics, European Commission, last updated June 8, 2017. Only the Swiss pay more; residents of France and New Zealand pay less than half of what Americans spend. In this entry we study public spending through the lens of aggregate cross-country data on government expenditures. Note that for the EU, some of the EU Member States and some of the non-EU member countries the rates of change cover a shorter time period. Curative and rehabilitative care services accounted for more than half of current healthcare expenditure in all but two of the EU Member States. For example, five-year survival for cervical cancer among U.S. women is lower than in the 10 other countries and below the OECD average. Worse health outcomes and shorter life expectancy appear related to risk factors and disease burden. Compulsory schemes/accounts accounted for three-quarters or more of overall spending on healthcare in Luxembourg (79.3%), France (78.5%), Germany (76.1%), Slovakia (75.7%) and Croatia (75.5%) in 2020, but less than 5.0% in Spain, Portugal, Ireland and Italy. Relative to low-income countries, government expenditure in high-income countries tends to be much larger (both in per capita terms, and as share of GDP), and it also tends to be more focused on social protection. A new implementing regulation (Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/1901 of 29 October 2021 as regards statistics on health care expenditure and financing) will apply to data from the 2021 reference year. Country 1850 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Algeria: 25. . Expenditure Framework and Public Financial Management. Breast cancer survival rates in all 11 countries compared here are higher than the OECD average. Healthcare expenditure is recorded in relation to the international classification for health accounts (ICHA), defining: Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/359 of 4March 2015 implementing Regulation (EC) No1338/2008 as regards statistics on healthcare expenditure and financing is the legal basis for data collection according to SHA 2011 methodology for healthcare expenditure. In Greece, the relative weight of procurement in the domestic budget is much smaller (about 20% of total expenditure), yet size remains significant for the economy (about 10% of GDP). Adults Still Struggle with Access to and Affordability of Health Care. 13, 2018): 102439. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. ", SIPRI, Military expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in highest spending countries 2022 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/266892/military-expenditure-as-percentage-of-gdp-in-highest-spending-countries/ (last visited July 01, 2023), Military expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in highest spending countries 2022 [Graph], SIPRI, April 24, 2023. Average life expectancy among non-Hispanic black Americans (75.3 years) is 3.5 years lower than for non-Hispanic whites (78.8 years).4 Life expectancy for Hispanic Americans (81.8 years) is higher than for whites, and similar to that in Netherlands, New Zealand and Canada. Latest available data for a fixed period,
While the United States spends more on health care than any other country, we are not achieving comparable performance. Read the report to see how your state ranks. All other material, including data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in Data, is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors. Ruth S. Shim and Michael T. Compton, Addressing the Social Determinants of Mental Health: If Not Now, When? A 2015 Commonwealth Fund brief showed that before the major provisions of the Affordable Care Act were introduced the United States had worse outcomes and spent more on health care, largely because of greater use of medical technology and higher prices, compared to other high-income countries.1 By benchmarking the performance of the U.S. health care system against other countries and updating with new data as they become available we can gain important insights into our strengths and weaknesses and help policymakers and delivery system leaders identify areas for improvement. In 2025, Medicare spending is projected to increase by 8.9 percent, . A relatively higher chronic disease burden and incidence of obesity contribute to the problem, but the U.S. health care system is also not doing its part. Governments may choose to take responsibility for financing, designing, building and operating infrastructure projects and they simply outsource specific elements. Among the EFTA countries, Liechtenstein reported a particularly low share of healthcare expenditure on hospitals (9.2%), reflecting the fact that some healthcare activities provided by specialised hospitals are only available abroad. "Public and Private per Capita Health Expenditure in Selected Countries in 2020 (in U.S. Greece recorded a decrease in expenditure on the two large functions, whereas all other Member States recorded increases. In the US, public spending as a share of GDP was 10.5% in 1941, then went up to 44.1% in 1945, and then went back down to 12.2% in 1948. (2015).1. The average length of a hospital stay in the U.S. in 2017 was 5.5 days, far lower than the OECD average and comparable to that in Sweden, Switzerland, and France. Irene Papanicolas, Liana R. Woskie, and Ashish K. Jha, Health Care Spending in the United States and Other High-Income Countries, JAMA 319, no. And the relative importance of these branches has remained largely constant since 1980. For example, the estimates of government expenditure as a share of GDP in Zimbabwe and Palestine are in the thousands for several years. Military expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in highest spending countries 2022 [Graph]. U.S. utilization for specialized scans is higher than in most countries, nearly twice as high as the OECD average but comparable to France. Country. The data is from 2016, and is available only for a selection of OECD member countries (plus a few other partner countries reporting data to the OECD under the same methodology). The U.S. rate is considerably higher than the OECD average. For diabetes hospitalizations, the U.S. rate (204/100,000) was more than threefold higher than the Netherlands, the best-performing country. The exceptions were Germany, the Netherlands and Malta (2019 data), where the shares were almost half: 49.6%, 49.0% and 48.4%, respectively. Gross domestic spending on R&D is defined as the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D carried out by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc., in a country. This topic page can be cited as: All visualizations, data, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license. Providers of ambulatory health care (24.8%) and retailers and other providers of medical goods (16.7%) were the second and third largest providers of healthcare in expenditure terms. In the first period, until the First World War, spending was generally low. Organisation for Economic. The data shows that across the 35 countries covered, taxes and transfers lower income inequality by around one-third on average (equivalent to around 0.15 Gini points). To learn more about cookies, click here. Recent data on public spending reveals substantial cross-country heterogeneity. Croatia (1448 PPS per inhabitant) and Romania (1428 PPS per inhabitant) had the lowest ratios. The main source of cross-country data on aggregate government expenditures is the IMF. Our analysis shows that the U.S. has the highest rates of avoidable mortality because of people not receiving timely, high-quality care. As we can see, cross-country differences are persistently large. The U.S. performs some elective surgeries at a higher rate than other countries. It should be noted that data are presented in this article for 2020: for the first time therefore, this article includes data that show an impact from the COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions. As such, the ratio between the highest (Luxembourg) and lowest (Romania) levels of expenditure per inhabitant was 8.2:1. The large variation in this indicator highlights the variety of countries' approaches to delivering public goods and services and providing social protection, not necessarily differences in resources spent. According to the IMF, government expenditure is calculated as the sum of all cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services, including compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rents and dividends. The source of the data is Mauro et al. GDP declined at worse than expected 1.6% annual pace in Q1. Dollars). . For this reason, particular attention should be paid when comparing the 2020 data with data from earlier years. US healthcare expenditure. Current healthcare expenditure in Germany and France was equivalent to 12.8% and 12.2%, respectively, of gross domestic product (GDP), more than in any other EU Member State see Table1. OECD. Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone. Note that current healthcare expenditure in Switzerland was equivalent to 11.8% of GDP and that Norway also had a double-digit ratio (2019 data). Figure2 shows the average healthcare expenditure per inhabitant in 2012 and 2020 (see footnotes under the figure for cases where alternative years have been used). Addressing the Social Determinants of Mental Health: If Not Now, When? Susan L. Hayes, David C. Radley, and Douglas McCarthy, States of Despair: A Closer Look at Rising State Death Rates from Drugs, Alcohol, and Suicide, To the Point (blog), Commonwealth Fund, Aug. 9, 2018. If you continue to navigate this website beyond this page, cookies will be placed on your browser. The visualization above shows that government spending in early-industrialised countries grew substantially in the 20th century. Accessed July 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/283221/per-capita-health-expenditure-by-country/, OECD. Data from 2017 (or nearest year available). However, in spite of differences in levels, in all these countries public spending as a share of GDP is higher today than before the Second World War. Earlier today we reported on a 3.5% fall in house prices with further cuts predicted, in part because sellers are struggling to shift their houses at asking price as buyers face increasing . The visualization shows the share of government expenditure that is specifically allocated to education. Notes: Estimates not available for 2020. Medicare costs are expected to grow by 7.5 percent a year between 2022 and 2031. In 2021, the ratio to GDP increased by 0.1 percentage points as compared to 2020 resulting in the highest ratio in the available time series. In the U.S., more than two-thirds of adults 65 and older had a flu vaccine in 2016, considerably more than in the average OECD country. This site uses cookies to optimize functionality and give you the best possible experience. Statista. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 1000+ markets in 190+ countries & territories, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 70m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Health accounts are used in two main ways: internationally, where the emphasis is on a selection of comparable expenditure data; nationally, with more detailed analyses of healthcare spending and a greater emphasis on comparisons over time. Please consult our full legal disclaimer. Use Ask Statista Research Service, Release date represents the date figures were accessed. The vertical axis is expressed by default in a logarithmic scale, so that the correlation is easier to appreciate you can change to a linear scale by clicking the Log button. Compensation of employees includes all salaries and benefits (both in cash and in kind). 2 (Feb. 2009): 16973. As none of the Member States reported the largest increase for retailers and other providers of medical goods, expenditure for other providers increased more than for these three large providers in the 13 remaining EU Member States (for example, in Estonia). Military expenditure as share of GDP 2022, by country. Available online. To use individual functions (e.g., mark statistics as favourites, set Spain, Portugal and Denmark were the only other EU Member States to record double-digit ratios. In countries such as France, central government spending accounts for almost 50% of all national output. 14. 6. Recent data on public spending also shows that governments around the world often rely on the private sector to produce and manage goods and services. The lowest combined share of these two major sources was 61.8% in Greece. Our World In Data is a project of the Global Change Data Lab, a registered charity in England and Wales (Charity Number 1186433). Medical goods (non-specified by function) are split into i) pharmaceuticals and other medical non-durable goods and ii) therapeutic appliances and other medical durables. The share of the economy spent on health care has been steadily increasing since the 1980s for all countries because health spending growth has outpaced economic growth,2 in part because of advances in medical technologies, rising prices in the health sector, and increased demand for services.3. The visualization shows the reduction of inequality that different OECD countries achieve through taxes and transfers. The above-mentioned limitations are substantially less critical for estimates reported to the OECD by member countries, mainly because they tend to apply more rigorously the agreed international conventions and accounting methods including a consistent accounting of expenditures across sectors and levels of government. In such complicated cases it would be better not to report estimates even more so considering that the SPEED database reports regional and global averages that are not country-weighted. In the EU Member States where the ratio was higher in 2020 than it had been in 2012, the increase was 1.6pp or less in most cases, with larger increases in Estonia (up 1.9pp), Latvia (up 2.0pp between 2013 and 2020) and Germany (also up 2.0pp). Development of government spending as percentage of GDP of different countries. Elizabeth Arias and Jiaquan Xu, United States Life Tables, 2017, National Vital Statistics Reports 68, no. Statistics on healthcare expenditure are documented in a background article which provides more information on the scope of the data, the legal framework, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions. The lowest levels of average expenditure per inhabitant were in Bulgaria (754) and Romania (713). Data. This correlation reflects the fact that high-income countries tend to have more capacity to extract revenues, which in turn is due to their capacity to implement efficient tax collection systems.